"לא משנה כמה החיים נראים קשים, תמיד יש משהו שאתה יכול לעשות ולהצליח בו" - סטיבן הוקינג
סטיבן וו. הוקינג (1942-2018) will be remembered not just for being an accomplished theoretical physicist with a brilliant mind but also for symbolising the ability of the human spirit to rise and triumph above severe physical disability of the body and achieve what is presumed to be the unthinkable. Prof Hawking was diagnosed with a debilitating condition when he was barely 21 years old, but he showed resilience over his adversities and continued to engage his mind in an attempt to theorize some of the intriguing scientific mysteries of the עוֹלָם.
הרעיון של חורים שחורים emerged from Albert Einstein’s general theory of relativity. The cosmic objects חורים שחורים– thought to be the biggest enigmas of the known עוֹלָם– are extremely dense, so dense that nothing escapes their huge gravity, not even the light. Everything gets sucked into it. This is the reason חורים שחורים נקראים חורים שחורים because nothing can escape its clutches and also its impossible to see a חור שחור. כי חורים שחורים do not emit light or energy in any form unlike all other cosmic objects, they would never undergo explosion. This meant חורים שחורים would be immortal.
Stephen Hawking questioned the immortality of the חורים שחורים.
במכתבו שכותרתו ""חורים שחורים explosions?’’, פורסם ב טבע in 19741, Hawking came up with the theoretical conclusion that not everything is sucked into a חור שחור ו חורים שחורים emit an electromagnetic radiation called קרינת נץ, detailing that radiation can escape from a חור שחור, because of the laws of quantum mechanics. Thus, חור שחורs too would explode and convert to gamma rays. He showed that any חור שחור will create and emit particles such as neutrinos or photons. As a חור שחור emits radiation one would expect it to lose mass. This in turn would increase the surface gravity and so increase the rate of emission. The חור שחור would therefore have a finite life and eventually disappear into nothing.This stuck down the long-held idea by the theoretical physicists that black holes are immortal.
אל האני קרינת נץ was thought to contain no useful information about what the חור שחור engulfed because the information swallowed up by the חור שחור would have been lost forever.In a recent study published in 2016 in Physical Review Letters, Hawking showed that black holes have a halo of ‘soft hair’ (technically, low-energy quantum excitations) around them which might store the information. More research on this could perhaps lead toan understanding andan eventual resolution of the חור שחור בעיית מידע.
Any proof of Hawking’s theory? No observational confirmation yet seen in the cosmos. חורים שחורים are too long-lived to be observed today at their end.
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{תוכל לקרוא את עבודת המחקר המקורית על ידי לחיצה על קישור ה-DOI המופיע להלן ברשימת המקורות המצוטטים}
מקור (ים)
1. הוקינג S 1974. פיצוצי חור שחור? טבע. 248. https://doi.org/10.1038/248030a0
2. Hawking S et al 2016. שיער רך על חורים שחורים. פיז. הכומר לט.. 116. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.231301
